William Faulkner’s novel As I Lay Dying :: William Faulkner, As I Lay Dying

I have both negative and positive things to say about William Faulkner’s novel As I Lay Dying. In the book Faulkner uses a very unique approach for narration. He has very strong sentences and vocabulary, but the story itself was too strange and warped for my enjoyment. Nevertheless there is a vibe given off in this Faulkner Novel that make it a timeless classic.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  When I started reading this book it only took me the first few chapters to notice that the vocabulary and sentence structure are superb. Faulkner puts the words in his sentences so perfectly it strikes me as a work of art. Descriptive sentences like this with outstanding vocabulary give the reader a distinct image of what Faulkner is describing â€Å"It wheels up like a motionless hand lifted above the profound desolation of the ocean; beyond it the red road lies like a spoke of which Addie Bundren is the rim† Faulkner uses a myriad of descriptive adjectives, vocabulary and metaphors in this an many of his sentences to give the novel a true ring.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Faulkner novel indeed does have its disturbing strangeness however. The entire family acts as if they each are from a different species of human. Their awkward personalities and strange minds give an unpleasant shutter to the tone of the story making it somewhat uncomfortable to read and even more uncomfortable once you put the book down because it leaves you somewhat bewildered. Perhaps the story would have been better if it were from one narrator’s point of view instead of a plethora of them.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Positive or Negative it’s a tough argument to deny that this is truly a classic novel. The artistic sentences and the demented minds of the characters create a whirlwind in the readers mind, sucking them into the book and making them feel as if they were part of the story.

Compensation and Benefits Strategies Recommendations Essay

In this scenario, Team A has agreed to work with a small business, Landslide Limousine. Bradley Stonefield is our client whom we must develop some compensation and benefit recommendations. Landslide Limousine is a small business with approximately 25 employees that is located in Austin, Texas. First, Team A will conduct a market evaluation by researching what companies in the relevant market are providing to employees from a total compensation perspective. Second, recommend a compensation structure. Third, recommend the position in the market. Fourth, create a total compensation and benefits strategy. Fifth, consider the use of performance incentives and merit pay to recognize and engage employees. Lastly, identify laws related to the benefits and pay program. Market Evaluation On account of the tight competition in Austin Texas, it will be challenging as a small business owner starting out to be competing with the larger companies in the market. Luckily, Austin’s average pay for a limousine driver is 6% lower in this city than the national average which will be a benefit to Landslide Limousines. Austin has over 400 different competing companies in the area so having an upper hand on the total compensation of its employees will be highly beneficial. When looking at the area of competitors many do not offer health insurance or offer very little coverage to its employees. Between these companies very few allow the drivers to take all of their tips or compensation for these services. Along with these lacks of benefits, problems that could also occur in this market is the high turnover rate due to low wages. By offering these additional benefits that other competitors are not, it allows Landslide Limousines the ability to find the best drivers and retain them. Over time, retaining drivers will  save the company a significant amount of money not having to train new employees from constant turnover. In addition, being able to retain those that are experts in their fields, the customer satisfaction for the company will continually bring in new business allow the company to expand to 25 employees in the near future. Recommendation for Compensation Structure Based on the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the average pay for a limousine driver in Texas is $10.95 a year or $22,770 based on a full time. This standard includes tenured and new drivers. The minimum wage is for Texas is $7.25 or $15,080. After looking at these statistics, it is recommended that you come up with a hiring structure based on experience and duties for the role. Also consider offering a premium pay for peak or late night hours. Keep in mind if it is decided to provide health insurance it is recommended to keep the wage slightly lower than if it were not to be offered. A business needs to keep a financial balance and by offering both a higher wage along with health benefits it could put Landslide Limousines in more than the fifty thousand in debt than expected. Since the company decided to allow drivers to keep ninety percent of their tips, it is recommended that the starting pay for the driver with 5 years’ experience be slightly below the Texas average given all the additional benefits the driver will receive. By giving drivers the ability to have ninety percent of their compensation pay, it gives them a high incentive to work at their best. It also allows the company the ability to track their best/most profitable drivers. Using this data will be significant when offering annual reviews and raises. Recommendation for Position in Market When looking at compensation and benefits one must look at their main competitors. Knowing one’s competition gives a view of whom in their market might sway or temp employees to the said organization. Landslide’s main competition is Big as Texas Limousine service and Austin Black service. These companies are currently operating in the Austin, Texas marketplace and are a large competitor. In addition, the market can easily offer skilled workers and great benefits. Landslide must offer a benefits package to keep up with their competitor, and if they wish to stay in business, keeping their employees satisfied amongst competition is a must. Team A recommends  that Landslide must offer similar or improved benefits to their employees. Further, Landslide should offer a training program to entry level employees so that the service is exceptional and customers will continue to utilize their business. Compensation and Benefits Strategy When running an organization, managers and other members of leaders needs to take a look at the compensation and benefit strategy. A strategic plan for employee compensation determines how much you want to pay employees and what type of employees you want to attract. Your compensation plan entails a variety of aspects including pay scales, reward programs, benefits packages and company perks. A successful strategic compensation plan allows your business to compete in the market for the best employees in your industry (â€Å"Strategic Plan for Employee Compensation and Benefits†, 2014). Here are a few recommendation I would make to help with the creation of a compensation and benefit strategy plan. Attracting Quality Employees Your strategic plan for compensation plays a large role in attracting competent employees. Paying wages at or above the prevailing wage in the market for your company’s industry allows you to demand workers with more experience and positive work histories. Employing more qualified workers leads to better results, including higher productivity and customer service interactions. This can increase your company’s revenue and help your business establish its identity with consumers (â€Å"Strategic Plan for Employee Compensation and Benefits†, 2014). Rewards for Performance A compensation strategy may also include rewards for employees based on workplace performance. This may include a commission-based system that rewards employees for total amount of sales or for consistent positive feedback from customers. A reward system should be easy for employees to understand and attainable enough at its lower levels to encourage employees to work harder to reach higher goals. A reward system with performance levels too high for employees to reach early on in the process won’t encourage harder work because employees will simply ignore it (â€Å"Strategic Plan for Employee Compensation and Benefits†, 2014). Perks and Benefits Perks and benefits can make or break your company’s ability to attract the best and brightest in your industry. Offering health insurance benefits to full-time workers should be a goal of your strategic compensation plan. You can combine health insurance with other company perks, including paid holidays and guaranteed paid vacation time, to attract more qualified workers to your business. Your decision to offer these benefits is also contingent on the success of your company. You may choose to add health care coverage and paid time off to your benefits package only after your company is showing profitability or makes it past the first year (â€Å"Strategic Plan for Employee Compensation and Benefits†, 2014). Incentives and Merit Pay Subsequently as this is a new limousine service, primarily driven by customer satisfaction. We must consider how to engage staff, by introducing performance incentive plans that support the key business objectives of the Limousine Service; motivating staff into achieving the goals set by management and providing cost-effective rewards for performance. Helm and Holladay (2007) stated, â€Å"Effective performance management involves a complete system of goal setting, training, communication, and ongoing feedback from a practice† (p. 4). Considering the current performance management strategic plan for the business, we will have 25 employees to begin the infrastructure. So we can reasonably consider implementing annual, quarterly annual, and end of year special incentives in addition to merit pay for every employee based on the company’s performance rating. Where the individual performance appraisal is described as â€Å"an important means to achieve goals set by the comp any’s top management, not just a way to change wages,† (Robbins & Judges, 2013, p. 254). The company will outline the quarterly objectives on the 3rd day of the first month of each quarter based on categories such as, leading happy people and driving out risk. Notably each department will have concrete and measurable key performance indicators(KPI)that will align with the Limousine company’s goals; also some defined employee’s will be responsible for multiple areas, and will have specific KPI’s or management by objectives( MBO) unique to their position. The annual portion of the incentive plan will be based on the execution of targets in the following categories; profit before taxes, customer service (gallop score) and service level scores, also marketing our stuff which the  total percentage of all groups equaling 100%. Additionally, an individual incentive will be paid to individuals that exceeded expectations in the customer service. Plus all the regular full-time and part-time employees are eligible, and those working less than 40 hours will receive prorated payments for all plan types. But in order to remain eligible to participate in the incentive scheme, employees must be given a performance rating of ‘fully met expectations’ and nothing less on their annual appraisals under the corporate performance evaluation program. Considerably, the implementation of incentives plans in addition to the performance management plan will create success for the company, and bred a culture of happy people. Related Laws to Benefits/Pay Program Team A has put together a few laws that pertain to Landslide Limousines. These laws will assist in the protection of business assets, employees, and customers. Understanding the laws and what one needs to do to stay in compliance is extremely vital in the success of a business. Otherwise, it can become a detriment and soon it will become the ultimate downfall of one’s brand and company. Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (COBRA) of 1985 If an employee terminate employment or reduce their hours of employment, they will usually have the right to temporarily continue their health and dental coverage through their employer. This law requires that most employers sponsoring group health plans offer employees and their families the opportunity for a temporary extension of health and dental coverage (called â€Å"COBRA coverage†) at group rates in certain qualifying instances where coverage under the plan would otherwise end. If you are an employee of CWRU and are covered by one of the group health and dental plans, you have a right to choose COBRA coverage if you lose your group health coverage because of a reduction in your hours of employment or the termination of your employment (for reasons other than gross misconduct on your part) (â€Å"Laws Affecting Benefits†, 2011). HIPAA Privacy Rule The Office for Civil Rights enforces the HIPAA Privacy Rule, which protects the privacy of individually identifiable health information; the HIPAA Security Rule, which sets national standards for the security of electronic protected health information; the HIPAA Breach Notification Rule, which requires covered entities and business associates to provide notification following a breach of unsecured protected health information; and the confidentiality provisions of the Patient Safety Rule, which protect identifiable information being used to analyze patient safety events and improve patient safety (â€Å"Health Information Privacy†, n.d). Women’s Health and Cancer Rights Act of 1998 Also known as â€Å"Janet’s Law,† the WHCRA requires health care benefit plans to provide certain coverage following a mastectomy. The law also requires annual notification to all plan participants and their covered beneficiaries (â€Å"Laws Affecting Benefits†, 2011). Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) The Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) prescribes standards for wages and overtime pay, which affect most private and public employment. The act is administered by the Wage and Hour Division. It requires employers to pay covered employees who are not otherwise exempt at least the federal minimum wage and overtime pay of one-and-one-half-times the regular rate of pay. For nonagricultural operations, it restricts the hours that children under age 16 can work and forbids the employment of children under age 18 in certain jobs deemed too dangerous. For agricultural operations, it prohibits the employment of children under age 16 during school hours and in certain jobs deemed too dangerous (â€Å"Summary of the Major Laws of the Department of Labor†, n.d). Conclusion In closing, Team A’s recommendations for Landslide Limousines will assist in the success of the company as Bradley Stonefield strives to become the top competitor in the market. Team A has put together a market evaluation. In addition, Team A has provided recommendation for compensation structure and position in market. Further, an outline of compensation and benefits strategy and a merit pay structure for employees. Lastly, laws that pertain to Landslide Limousines that can ultimately protect small businesses, their employees, and customers. References Bureau of Labor Statistics. (2013, May). Retrieved from Occupational Employment Statistics: http://www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes533041.htm Cascio, W. F. (2013). Managing Human resources (9th ed.), New York, NY the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Experienced Limo Driver Salary in Austin, Tx. (2014, December 6). Retrieved from Indeed: http://www.indeed.com/salary/q-Experienced-Limo-Driver-l-Austin,-TX.html Health Information Privacy. (n.d). Retrieved from http://www.hhs.gov/ocr/privacy/ Laws Affecting Benefits. (2011). Retrieved from http://www.case.edu/finadmin/humres/benefits/laws.html#hippa Strategic Plan for Employee Compensation and Benefits. (2014). Retrieved from http://smallbusiness.chron.com/strategic-plan-employee-compensation-benefits-15613.html Summary of the Major Laws of the Department of Labor. (n.d). Retrieved from http://www.dol.gov/opa/aboutdol/lawsprog.htm

Essay on Ulysses by James Joyce - 1157 Words

Ulysses by James Joyce Many novelists directly reflect their life stories and personal circumstances in their works, so closely that the works may seem autobiographical. Although there are autobiographical parallels between James Joyces life and that of his characters in Ulysses, the novels scattered autobiographical details are more in the line of delightful puzzles to be ferreted out, rather than direct insights into Joyces life. What is really important in Ulysses is not the ties to Joyces personal experience; it is the way he uses his distinctively Irish experience to comment on the human condition in general. We think of Joyce as an Irish writer, and it may be surprising to learn that he left his native land as a†¦show more content†¦Joyce called his novel Ulysses as a conscious attempt to thematically evoke Homers Odyssey, whose hero Ulysses (today generally called Odysseus) also made an epic journey of self-discovery. Yet it is not only the Greek classics to which Joyce ha s turned for inspiration, but the medieval Irish classics as well. One has only to read any cycle of medieval Celtic myth (such as the Irish Noinden Ulad, or the Welsh Mabinogen) to observe the same extraordinary structure at work there. The episodic formlessness of the Irish mythological epics heavily influenced the choice of form -- or, some would say, the lack thereof -- that was begun in Joyces earlier works and brought to full fruition in Ulysses. The story line in either of these cycles flits from one anecdote to another in a manner that foreshadows Joyces own stream-of-consciousness technique. In addition, Joyces words are arranged not in a rational manner but with a wild, intuitive Irishness, with as much emphasis on the magic of language as there is on its intellectual logic. We can see an example of this in Molly Blooms ruminations in the final chapter, which consists of one single sentence extending for forty pages, with thought falling on thought like leaves piling up in the autumn. Consider just a fragment of that passage: Yes because he never did a thing like that before as ask to get hisShow MoreRelatedSummary Of Ulysses By James Joyce2022 Words   |  9 PagesDylan Madden Professor Jeffrey Skoblow English 497A 22 September 2017 First Journal Week 1-5 Ulysses by James Joyce Telemachus Going into this book for the first time, I found it difficult to understand what was transpiring until going back and rereading a number of times. In the first chapter, there were many themes that I discovered surrounding the character Stephen Dedalus. For example, the first theme, religion, had a deep effect on Stephen especially after his mother died and during his conversationRead MoreJames Joyce s The Odyssey And Ulysses1622 Words   |  7 PagesUlysses is arguably one of James Joyce’s most famous literary works. At least, the obscene sexual nature of Ulysses is notorious in itself. Indeed, it is widely considered that the novel was a scandal when it first appeared serialized in 1918. However, some consider that the epic â€Å"is still a scandal, nearly a century after its first publication. For something is missing† . Critics claim the missing element is romanticism and in this essay, the absence of mythical authority. The use of myth romanticizesRead More How Jam es Joyce Challenges His Readers in Ulysses and Finnegans Wake2592 Words   |  11 PagesHow James Joyce Challenges His Readers in Ulysses and Finnegans Wake      Ã‚   In the history of written literature, it is difficult not to notice the authors who expand their readers style and manner of reading. Some write in   an unusual syntax which forces the reader to utilize new methods of looking at a language; others employ lengthy allusions which oblige the reader to study the same works the author drew from in order to more fully comprehend the text. Some authors use ingenious andRead MoreLiterary and Character Analysis of Ulysses by James Joyce, Specifically Episode 18: Penelope1177 Words   |  5 Pages. What does Joyce seek to accomplish through his portrayal of Molly Bloom? In a 1922 interview with Vanity Fair, James Joyce said this about Ulysses, I simply sought to record what a man sees, says, and thinks, and what that saying, seeing, and thinking does to what you Freudians call the subconscious. I think this is important to keep in mind when considering the aforementioned question. The first thing most people observe when reading Penelope is the indelicate and plain-spokenRead More James Joyce Essay1100 Words   |  5 Pages In selecting James Joyces Ulysses as the best novel of the twentieth century, Time magazine affirmed Joyces lasting legacy in the realm of English literature. James Joyce (1882-1941), the twentieth century Irish novelist, short story writer and poet is a major literary figure of the twentieth-century. Regarded as quot;the most international of writers in English ¡K[with] a global reputation (Attridge, pix), Joyces stature in literature stems from his experimentation with English prose. InfluencedRead MoreEssay about The Role of Loneliness in James Joyces Ulysses980 Words   |  4 PagesThe Role of Loneliness in James Joyces Ulysses Have you ever had one of those days when the world seems cold and unfeeling? Where the people that surround you are far away and uncaring? Ulysses is about one of those days, and two people who are stuck within it, searching desperately for a way out. Loneliness runs like a thread through Ulysses, a novel by James Joyce. It constantly tugs at the characters minds, and drives their lives in subtle ways. Joyce drives the point home by giving a drabRead MoreEssay on Theme of Epiphany in James Joyces Ulysses1302 Words   |  6 PagesThe Theme of Epiphany in Ulysses  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚      James Joyces Ulysses is a novel of epic proportions that has been proclaimed the greatest piece of literature of the twentieth century. Ulysses takes place in Dublin, Ireland on June 16, 1904. The book is full of parallels, metaphors, and experimental literary techniques. However, a dominant theme is that of epiphany. Not necessarily religious in meaning, the Joycean idea of epiphany is a sudden discovery of the essential nature or meaning of somethingRead More Buy Essay Online: Comparing Homers Odyssey and Joyces Ulysses2240 Words   |  9 PagesComparing Homers Odyssey and Joyces Ulysses  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚   This essay will analyze the style, genre and plots of the Hades episodes found in Homers Odyssey and Joyces Ulysses. Before entering this small treatise, it is important to understand the etymology of the word Hades, since it is the setting for both Joyce and Homer (of course in Homers case, he was speaking of the literal aidhs and Joyce was referring to the graveyard, where Bloom attends the funeral of Paddy Dignam and broodsRead More Portrayal of Women in James Joyces Ulysses Essay1110 Words   |  5 PagesPortrayal of Women in James Joyces Ulysses The novel, Ulysses, by James Joyce shows the reader hour by hour a single day in the life of one man.   But this epic which specifically deals with Leopold Bloom and has reference to Stephen Dedalus, holds so much more appendage to other areas of life.   One, is the portrayal of women in Ulysses. A common speculation is that men seem to have a more dominating status over women.   However, in Ulysses  that theory dwindles due to the women who   play significantRead MoreSexual Expression: Defining Joyce’s Characters Essays2201 Words   |  9 PagesExpression: Defining Joyce’s Characters James Joyce uses sexuality throughout his works to establish an intimate and relatable bond between the reader and the characters in his works. All of Joyce’s works address issues in sexuality, which presents the idea that sexuality was of upmost importance to him. Given that sex is a large part of human existence, it is a good way to get the attention of the reader. A substantial amount of characters throughout Ulysses and A Portrait of the Artist as A Young

Human Trafficking Of Thailand s Fishing Industry

Human Trafficking in Thailand’s Fishing Industry Twenty-seven million people have become victims of human trafficking across the world. This transnational crime generates 32 billion dollars annually by the human trafficking industry. Victims of this crime are traded for most commonly the purposes of sexual slavery, forced labor or commercial sexual exploitation, extraction of organ or tissues, or even forced marriage. This is a violation of human rights because of coercion and commercial exploitation (â€Å"Human Trafficking.† Wikipedia). 161 countries have been identified as affected by human trafficking according to the Polaris Project (â€Å"Human Trafficking Statistics†). Recently, Thailand, a source, destination, and transit country for men,†¦show more content†¦Unless the Thai government directs pressures upon the Thai Fishing industry and their secretive methodology of capturing and refraining victims, Thailand will see no results in the fight against human trafficking in the labor industry. Although t he Thai government has been showing progress and promises, the unregulated fishing industry allows for victims be more vulnerable to trafficking so it is crucial for the government to implement strict laws within the Thai fishing industry, Thai navy, and local police officials. The heavy reliance that boat owners have on brokers and the corrupt officials that partner up with the labor industry for profit are pulling down the anchor for results to take fruit. Learning from new investigations put into sale, Thailand has been repeatedly accused of slavery within their fishing industry with vast evidence of abuse and exploitation migrant fisherman (â€Å"Thailand ignoring slaves†). Thailand is the world’s largest prawn exporter in vast seafood and their export industry is estimated to be worth $7.3 billion. The Thai government estimates that up to 300,000 people work in its fishing industry, 90% of whom are migrants vulnerable to being tricked, trafficked and sold to the sea (â€Å"Revealed: Asian slave†). These salves are forced to work for no pay for years and are controlled through threats of extreme violence. A six-month investigation confirmed that large numbers of men are bought and sold

Discrimination, Racial, Gender, Religious, Age, And...

Discrimination is a topic that is often written about in the newspaper. Many people within our society experience discrimination in some form throughout the day. There are many different types of discrimination that we can experience: racial, gender, religious, age, etc. Discrimination is defined as â€Å"the differential (usually negative) behaviors directed towards members of different social groups† (Baron Branscombe 2011). When thinking about discrimination and stereotypes they may seem very similar when actually they are quite different. Baron and Branscombe (2011) believe that â€Å"Stereotypes about groups are the beliefs and expectations that we have concerning what members of those groups are like† (p.183). An example of a stereotype is the belief that all women are bad drivers and an example of discrimination would be a matter of harassment. In Delaware there was an issue of racial discrimination and stereotyping within a college newspaper. Matthew Albright of The News Journal wrote an article â€Å"Wesley Students hope cartoon can stir race discussion† (Albright 2016). The college, Wesley College only puts out four issues a semester, and this edition involved some cartoon images. They were very offensive to many people within the college community. Political cartoons in newspapers are often used to make a point and bring awareness to an issue. â€Å"One cartoon shows an African-American woman in a â€Å"Black Lives Matter† T-shirt saying, â€Å"Would you look at the time†¦I’m late for myShow MoreRelatedWhen People Think Of Discrimination, They Tend To Think1254 Words   |  6 Pagespeople think of discrimination, they tend to think back to older times of slavery, racism, and an underdeveloped country. Sadly, discrimination actual plays a large role in the workplace of today. Discrimination is defined as â€Å"treating a person or particular group of people differently, especially in a worse way from the way in which you treat other people, because of their skin color, sex, sexuality, etc.† according to the Cambridge Dictionary (Cambridge University Press 1). Discrimination comes in manyRead MoreAppedix C673 Words   |  3 Pages |Definition | |Discrimination |The unjust or prejudicial treatment of different categories of people or things, esp. on the| | |grounds of race, age, or sex. | |Institutional discrimination |Unfair prejudice against individuals as a result of the way an organization works or | Read MoreEth 125 Discrimination Worksheet Essay607 Words   |  3 PagesDiscrimination Worksheet ETH/125 March 24, 2013 Discrimination Worksheet ------------------------------------------------- Associate Program Material Discrimination Worksheet Write a 100- to 200-word response to each of the following questions. Provide citations for all the sources you use. * What is discrimination? How is discrimination different from prejudice and stereotyping? Discrimination comes in different forms.   It can be direct when someone’s gender, ethnicity, faithRead MoreHarrassment Is an Example of Discrinimation in Employment Essay example821 Words   |  4 PagesJob Discrimination by definition is the practice of using an individuals race, color, national origin, sex, or religion to make employment decisions related to hiring, firing, compensation, evaluations, promotions, and training. There is a lot of discrimination in employment and the example of discrimination that occur is Harassment. Harassment Sexual harassment is one of the most heard in the workplace and usually it occur when employees are subjected to unwanted and unwelcome treatment due toRead MoreThe Effects Of Prejudice On Children And Young People1502 Words   |  7 Pagesgroup. 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The blue zones free essay sample

The Blue Zones The Blue Zones: Lessons for Living Longer From the People Who’ve Lived the Longest by Dan Buettner talks about the author’s research in different places who have people who live into very long years of their life in a few areas of the world who claim to have the highest number of the oldest people. Blue Zone is a concept used to identify a demographic and/or geographic area of the world where people live measurably longer lives, as Dan Buettner describes in his book. The concept had its work done by Gianni Pes and Michel Poulain, who identified Sardinias Nuoro province as the region with the highest concentration of male centenarians. As the two men closed in on the group of villages with the highest longevity, they drew concentric blue circles on the map and began referring to the area inside the circle as the Blue Zone. We will write a custom essay sample on The blue zones or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Buettner identifies longevity spots in Okinawa (Japan); Sardinia (Italy); Nicoya (Costa Rica); Icaria (Greece); and among the Seventh Day Adventists in Loma Linda, California, and talks about how and what they do, based on data and first hand observations, as to why these populations live healthier and longer lives. Examples of communities with centenarians that we read about include the Barbagia region of Sardinia, Okinawa, and Loma Linda, California. A long healthy life isn’t something that just happens or is definitely not some accident. It starts off with good genes, but it also depends on good habits you do for yourself. If you decide to live the right lifestyle, experts say, chances are you may live up to about ten years longer. That’s a great deal longer to live. So what’s the key for long successful life? National Geographic Explorer Dan Buettner had lead teams of researchers across the world to find out the secrets of Blue Zones, geographic regions where lots of centenarians are enjoying very long and happy lives. The three of the five regions identified and talked about by Buettner in the book Blue Zones: Sardinia, Italy (specifically Nuoro province and Ogliastra): one team of demographers found an area of longevity in mountain villages where men reach the age of 100 years at an amazing rate. It is so fascinating to read about people who at the age of 75 years old are climbing mountains and doing all of this physical activity with no problem. The Sardinians have a very strong value in family which makes them all take care of one another. Because of their strong family values they  tend to suffer from less depression, stress, and suicide. They all are also big on humor, which also reduces stress and can lower and risk for cardiovascular disease. As far as their diet they like to consume goat’s milk, which has ingredients that can help protect against various diseases of aging. They also drink a glass or two of red wine daily. This is shown to help lower the levels of stress. In The islands of Okinawa, Japan: another team took a look at a group that is part of the longest-lived people on Earth. Okinawans like to keep strong social connections with one another. One way of doing this is by gathering of a moai. They maintain good social groups where they know that there are people out there for them when needed; to provide support and lots of stress relief. When it comes to their diet they stick to a mainly plant- bas ed diet and eat many foods that are high in soy, such as tofu and miso soup. This offers some nutritional benefits as well as protecting the heart and can aid in fighting against breast cancer. They are also very big on physical activity by gardening and spending time outside, not only for the exercise but to also get some vitamin D to help promote stronger bones and healthier bodies. In Loma Linda, California: researchers studied a group of Seventh-day Adventists who were ranked among North Americas longevity. Just as the other two groups they are very big on regular exercise. Even just a walk or two a day is only what it takes. As for their diets they also watch what they eat. They also focus on more plants in their diet. They only eat meat in moderation and not all the time. They also like to spend time with others and try to focus on others by helping them. This helps them keep away from stress on themselves to help focus themselves on others rather than themselves. In the Blue Zones, people thrive in places where walking is the main or preferred way of transportation. In addition, the most important characteristics of centenarians include a daily routine of exercise, food gathering, living with or in a close distance of family, and have a definitive purpose in life. People tend to have important membership ties to a family, church organization, or both. A number of centenarians nap each day as part of their routine. The centenarians have lower levels of stress in their lives which can be due to the hard work which helps them burn off whatever stress they may get throughout the day or week. The Blue Zones has  profound implications for future generations of people. In addition, the book gives important health tips that could not only lower the cost of health care throughout the world, but also making our lives longer lasting by simply eating better, finding a productive purpose in life, and exercising as a part of the daily routine.

Teaching for Diversity

Question: Discuss about theTeaching for Diversity. Answer: Introduction: Education for diversity and social justice is an important value that should be included in the vision of every school of the world. The current century is a witness to a rising trend of terrorism, social injustice and disharmony, racial discrimination and a glaring disparity between the haves and the have-nots (Keddie 2012). Developing nations like Australia have seen an increase in the amount of immigrants of various ethnic, linguistic, socio-cultural groups approaching and settling in their countries (Ferfolja and Vickers 2010). The number of immigrants has increased over the years (Taylor and Sidhu 2012). They face the problems of isolation and marginalization in the society (Benjamin and Emejulu 2012). Hence every school should attempt to do away with the instances of inequality. It becomes the moral and social responsibility of the school to develop strategies to resist this kind of discrimination. Social equality would bring harmony and peace in the society. This would remove the general feelings of fear and xenophobia (Keddie 2012). However, various forces have become obstacles to the development of such strategies such as economic globalization. The government has curtailed its funding for educational systems. Instead, it has focused on the academic performance on literacy and numeric standards. This shift has changed the priority of the schools from learning to management and necessary skills. Such a move proves to be detrimental to the teaching of the disadvantaged and marginalized students of the society (Webster and Ryan 2014). The present education system is inadequate to address their problems. In a country like Australia, where there is a rising diversity in the classrooms, the teachers are not yet qualified enough to deal this diversity. Consequently, the students are not giving their best performance in the classroom. They need emotional, social and cultural support which the present education system cannot provide. However, there is a problem atic situation with regards to the minority class. If their concerns are not addressed, then they will be marginalized, and their group will not be given their due status. On the other hand, when the particular group is identified and supported, it will generate the hierarchical notion of difference and create injustice for the group in question (Keddie 2012). Dissertation: A school needs to follow some processes to achieve equity in the education of the diverse groups. The educator needs to go rationally through the processes to validate its usefulness in the education process. As discussed in "Educating for Diversity and Social Justice," in the case of Peppermint Grave High School, the school first prepares the students so that they can participate in the mainstream Australian education system. It is of utmost importance that they are gradually introduced to the mainstream education system. This determines their period of stay in the school. The students will be inclined to remain in the system once their self-confidence rises (Keddie 2012). Here the concept of inclusive education comes to the forefront. Earlier inclusive education referred to the inclusion of students with disabilities into the mainstream education. Now it has a broader implication. It takes into account the culturally and linguistically diverse minority groups. Most of the Australian state governments have devised policies to address this diversity in their education systems (humanrights.gov.au 2016). Every school will have its way to induct the students into their education system or the environment. Keddie discussed the equity-based approach that is followed in the Peppermint Grove High School. The approach implies that the linguistic and cultural backgrounds of the students determine the allocation of the resources of the school. The aim of the approach is maximum involvement of the students which would help them perform well in the class. To address the disparity among the students, the school also offers services which assist them in settling in the relatively foreign society. One problematic situation that may arise in the case of the diverse groups is that it's not stationary. It always changes bringing with fresh bouts of issues. Therefore, the teaching staff needs to be on its guard to deal with such matters deftly and like an expert. The problematic situations need to be discussed, and strategies need to be formulated to solve them (Keddie 2012). Another way of dealing with the problem of the marginalized group is adequate representations of such minority groups in the teaching staff. In this away, the approaches like the equity-based approach can be fully applied. Students feel that they can express themselves well in front of someone with whom they can relate themselves (Keddie 2012). The understanding of the educators regarding the concept of equity is also of immense importance. The students belong to different strata of society and are eligible for differential treatment. This implies that certain students will require support from educators more than other students. Equity is in a distributive sense of justice. In this case, the minority group needs extra emotional and socio-cultural support from teachers and society in general (Ferfolja and Vickers 2010). The students' needs should be consulted, and accordingly, they need to be fulfilled. Equity does not mean that all the students should be treated equally. The background, cultural differences and the past life of the refugees are taken into account before deciding which students are entitled to equitable treatment. This is crucial for the conception of justice in a satisfactory manner in the education system (Keddie 2012). This brings one to the concept of social justice. The aim of the social justice is to enable participation of different social groups in a diverse society. Toleration of the other minority groups is an essential part of that aim. Social justice enables the various members of the society to be self-reliant as well as dependent on each other. Diversity and social justice are the two sides of the same coin. Diversity implies the differences present in the society regarding race, culture, ethnicity and language. Social justice refers to the intermingling of the diversifying factors regarding equity and social inclusion (Adams and Bell 2016). Cultural valuation of the minority students plays a major role in the equitable treatment of the minority groups. In an attempt to emphasize on the vulnerability of the students in question, there is a danger of over marginalizing the minority group. Therefore certain social and cultural constraints need to be kept in mind while interacting with such students. The cultural valuation of the group should not be such that it will lead to the "belittling" of the group. Hence the cultural support to be provided to the students has to follow the social protocol and conventions (Keddie 2012). The regional differences in the group itself might pose a problem in creating an equitable approach to education. In the example provided by Keddie, there was a group of African students who were asked to participate in a dance activity where they could showcase their African dancing. However, regional differences in their kind of dancing showed up which led to immense rivalry among the participants. Therefore, this indicates that the educators believe in the homogeneity of the minority group which may not be the case as shown in the example given by Keddie. This cultural difference poses a difficult obstacle which needs to be overcome to achieve equity (Keddie 2012). The problem with the current academic system is that the educators are mostly monolingual and monocultural. Therefore, they face immense problem while handling the diverse students of the class. However, suitable programs can be devised to address such problems. In a modern classroom, the programs will prepare the educators on how to handle such diversity efficiently (Major 2012). The problems noted above show that the educators should always be on the guard while dealing with the minority students. They should be continuously aware of the cultural and social differences that set them apart from the mainstream students in the first place. In that way, the educators can understand their issues in a better way and find out ways of addressing them effectively. There is no room for assumption or preconceived ideas regarding the culture of the students since the background of the educators will be different from that of the student (Hinchey 2004). Each individual is unique in its own environment (Thompson 2016). If the instructor wants to get the perspective of the students the teachers need to understand his or her students in a comprehensive manner (Keddie 2012). Therefore, the educators need to be culturally responsive. Structural frameworks are accordingly devised which allow educators to be more inclusive of the minority groups in their classroom teaching. Connections should be maintained between the learning materials and the culture of the minority groups (Gay 2013). Not just students, but the guardians need to be taken into the educations system as well. They need to be communicating with the school authority so that they can voice their opinion and problems to the educators properly. The guardians may suffer from a sense of prohibition which has to be removed. There is a power imbalance between the students who are in a socially superior position than those who belong to the marginalized group. The school must take steps to remove this inequality (Keddie 2012). The productivity of the equitable approach to the education system is dependent on a lot of variables. There can be no definite rule of approach which every school can follow blindly (Tichnor-Wagner et al. 2016). The social groups are heterogeneous with issues of their own. The educator and the school authority, in general, need to be aware of the conflicting problems of the marginalized students. The authoritarian character of the educator should be destroyed, and a congenial environment should be established. The students should feel confident enough to approach the teacher with confidence and participate in the education system. One more barrier that the students face is that they cannot always connect the culture where they grew up and the culture to which they are subjected now. There are some limitations in their society which they would not face in the current one. In this way, their education seems to suffer a setback. Their parents are not always easy with the activities which are common in the school, but they could not perform back in their home environment. The school should introduce activities which would help in bridging this gap between cultures. The students will feel more connected to the new environment (Banks 2014). For instance, the Muslim girls have to wear veils back at home. They are used to that kind of practice, and they are comfortable with it. The teacher asked them about what they felt about those students who did not wear veils. They replied that there should be freedom of choice with regards to their dress. In their case, they wore a veil generally to protect themselves from "male gaze". Some wore veils to show their preference for religious commitment. Conclusion: From the above discussion, one can safely say that diversity in education is an inevitable outcome of globalization. This difference holds true for countries like Australia and UK. However, the multicultural policy of Australia ensures the smooth movement of immigrants into the country. Education is one such medium which helps in assimilating the so called marginalized sections into mainstream life. The current education policy also provides the inclusive education of the minority students into the mainstream school system. Problems arise to achieve equity and distributive sense of justice. But these issues can be solved with the help of constructive policies and a sympathetic understanding for the immigrants. The equity is dependent on the role played by the educators towards their pupils. The educators should focus on anti discriminatory policies and enable greater engagement of the students in the class. Material goods should be allocated following the diversity of the students in the school. However, the immaterial resources like encouragement and support also play a significant role. They must be distributed in a way that would enable the marginalized students to participate and engage themselves more in the current educational system. The support system should also be dependent on certain social protocols. Over emphasis and evaluation of the groups may make the students feel inferior though that may not be the intention of the educators. The students themselves contribute to the approach of comprehensive education. They can speak of their cultural differences and how they perceive their current environment. This frank discussion would help the educators determine the paths they can take to assimilate them into mainstream education (Keddie 2012). References: Adams, M. and Bell, L.A. eds. 2016.Teaching for diversity and social justice. Routledge. Banks, J.A. 2015.Cultural diversity and education. Routledge. Benjamin, S and Emejulu, A 2012, Learning about concepts, terminology and theories: from ambiguity to clarity in R Arshad, T Wrigley L Pratt (eds) Social justice reexamined:dilemmas and solutions for the classroom teacher, Trentham, Stoke-on-Trent, pp. 33-47. Ferfolja, T. and Vickers, M. 2010. Supporting refugee students in school education in Greater Western Sydney, Critical Studies in Education Gay, G. 2013. Cultural Diversity and Multicultural Education.Curriculum Inquiry,43(1), pp.48-70. Hinchey, P. H. 2004 Becoming a Critical Educator : Defining a Classroom Indentity, Designing a Critical Pedagogy. New York, US: Peter Lang Publishing, 2004. ProQuest ebrary. Web. 16 August 2016. Humanrights.gov.au, 2016. Face the facts: Cultural Diversity | Australian Human Rights Commission. [online] Available at: https://www.humanrights.gov.au/face-facts-cultural-diversity [Accessed 17 Aug. 2016]. Keddie, A. 2012. Educating for Diversity and Social Justice,Taylor and Francis, Florence. Major, J. 2012. Teacher education for cultural diversity: Online and at a distance.Journal of Open Flexible and Distance Learning,9(1), pp.15-26. Taylor, S. and Sidhu, R.K. 2012. Supporting refugee students in schools: what constitutes inclusive education?, International Journal of Inclusive Education Thompson, N. 2016.Anti-discriminatory practice: Equality, diversity and social justice. Palgrave Macmillan. Tichnor-Wagner, A., Parkhouse, H., Glazier, J. Cain, J.M. 2016, "Expanding approaches to teaching for diversity and social justice in K-12 education: Fostering global citizenship across the content areas",education policy analysis archives,vol. 24, pp. 59. Webster, S and Ryan, A 2014, Equity and (critical) diversity, Understanding curriculum: the Australian context, Cambridge University Press, Port Melbourne, Vic., pp.98-115.